Number Properties

Number properties are special features or rules that numbers follow. Understanding these properties helps you recognise patterns, solve problems quickly, and check if your answers make sense.

🔢 Here are some important types of numbers and their properties:

• Even numbers – numbers ending in 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8; they are divisible by 2 (e.g., 4, 18, 102).
• Odd numbers – numbers ending in 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9; they are not divisible by 2 (e.g., 3, 11, 57).
• Prime numbers – numbers that have exactly two factors: 1 and itself (e.g., 2, 3, 5, 7). Note: 1 is not a prime number.
• Composite numbers – numbers that have more than two factors (e.g., 4, 6, 9, 12).
• Square numbers – the result of multiplying a whole number by itself (e.g., 1, 4, 9, 16, 25...).
• Cubic numbers – the result of multiplying a number by itself, then by itself again (e.g., 1, 8, 27, 64...).
• Factors – numbers that divide exactly into another number without leaving a remainder (e.g., factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12).
• Multiples – the "times table" of a number; the results of multiplying it by whole numbers (e.g., multiples of 5 are 5, 10, 15, 20...).

✅ Knowing number properties makes it easier to solve questions on divisibility, factors, multiples, and patterns — key skills for 11+ maths.