Ratio & Proportion
Ratio and proportion help us compare quantities and show how one part relates to another. They are essential for solving problems in maths, science, and everyday life, like following a recipe or scaling a model.
🔢 Ratio compares the size of one part to another part.
Example: The ratio of boys to girls in a class is 3:2. This means for every 3 boys, there are 2 girls. Total parts = 5.
To simplify a ratio, divide both sides by their Highest Common Factor (HCF).
Example: 10:15 → divide both by 5 → 2:3
⚖️ Proportion shows that two ratios are equal. It describes how parts relate to the whole.
Example: If 3 pens cost £6, then 1 pen costs £2.
To find the cost of 5 pens: 5 × £2 = £10.
Tip: The "Unitary Method" is often the easiest way to solve proportion problems. Find the value of one item first, then multiply to find the total.
✅ Understanding ratio and proportion helps you compare quantities, scale recipes, and share amounts fairly.
Practice Papers
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